Physicians should continue to be guided by their commitment to the welfare of patients and the advancement of medical science. Every physician remains free to decide whether to participate in stem cell research or to use its products. Embryonic stem cell research does not violate the ethical standards of the profession. Participation in research involving embryonic stem cells requires respect for embryos, research participants, donors, and recipients. The pluralism of moral visions that underlies this debate must be respected. Regardless whether they are obtained from embryos donated by individuals or couples undergoing in vitro fertilization, or from cloned embryos created by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), use of embryonic stem cells currently requires the destruction of the human embryo from which the stem cells derive. The conflict regarding research with embryonic stem cells centers on the moral status of embryos, a question that divides ethical opinion and that cannot be resolved by medical science. ADULT STEM CELLS PROFESSIONALThe professional community as well as the public remains divided about the use of embryonic stem cells for either research or therapeutic purposes. Unique risks posed by investigational stem cell products (when applicable), such as tumorigenesis, immunological reactions, unpredictable behavior of cells, and unknown long-term health effects.The types of tissue from which the stem cells derive (e.g., established tissue, umbilical cord blood, or embryos).For a recipient of stem cells in clinical research.The primary and anticipated secondary uses of donated embryos and/or derived stem cells, including potential commercial uses.Whether an immortal cell line will result.What specifically will be done with the stem cells.The process by which stem cells will be obtained.For a donor of cells to be used in stem cell research.In addition to disclosure of research risks and potential benefits, at minimum, the consent disclosure should address:
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